INCRUSE ELLIPTA

Respiratory Long-Acting Muscarinic Antagonists (LAMA)

Instruct the patient to open and prepare mouthpiece of the umeclidinium inhaler and slide the cover down to activate the first dose (see package instructions). The counter counts down by 1 dose each time the patient opens the cover.
Holding the inhaler mouthpiece level to, but away from, the mouth, the patient should exhale. Then, put the mouthpiece to the lips and have patient breathe in the dose deeply and slowly. Remove the inhaler from the mouth, hold breath for about 3 to 4 seconds, and then exhale slowly. Instruct patient to close the inhaler.
If the cover is opened and closed without inhaling the medicine, the dose will be lost. The lost dose will be held in the inhaler, but it will no longer be available to be inhaled. It is not possible to accidentally take a double dose or an extra dose in one inhalation.
Routine cleaning of the inhaler is not required; the patient can clean the mouthpiece if needed, using a dry tissue, before the cover is closed.
Discard inhaler after 30 sprays or when the counter reads "0", or when the expiration date has passed.

atrial fibrillation / Early / 0-1.0
bronchospasm / Rapid / Incidence not known
anaphylactoid reactions / Rapid / Incidence not known
angioedema / Rapid / Incidence not known
ocular hypertension / Delayed / Incidence not known

constipation / Delayed / 0-1.0
depression / Delayed / 1.0
sinus tachycardia / Rapid / 1.0
supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) / Early / 1.0
wheezing / Rapid / Incidence not known
conjunctivitis / Delayed / Incidence not known
urinary retention / Early / Incidence not known
blurred vision / Early / Incidence not known

pharyngitis / Delayed / 1.0-8.0
infection / Delayed / 1.0-5.0
cough / Delayed / 3.0-3.0
arthralgia / Delayed / 2.0-2.0
myalgia / Early / 1.0-1.0
ecchymosis / Delayed / 1.0-1.0
abdominal pain / Early / 1.0-1.0
xerostomia / Early / 0-1.0
vertigo / Early / 1.0
headache / Early / 1.0
dizziness / Early / 1.0
rhinitis / Early / 1.0
nausea / Early / 1.0
diarrhea / Early / 1.0
dyspepsia / Early / 1.0
rash / Early / 1.0
pruritus / Rapid / Incidence not known
urticaria / Rapid / Incidence not known

INCRUSE ELLIPTA

Rx

Inhaled long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA); used once per day
Used in adults for maintenance treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), including chronic bronchitis and emphysema
NOT indicated for the relief of acute bronchospasm or for the treatment of asthma

62.5 mcg (1 actuation) via oral inhalation once daily, at the same time every day, is the recommended and max dosage. Not indicated for the relief of acute bronchospasm. Use an inhaled short-acting beta-2 agonist (SABA) for immediate relief of acute symptoms. Do not use other long-acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMAs) concurrently.[57100] According to the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) guidelines, umeclidinium may be used as initial monotherapy in all groups of COPD patients; however, combination therapy with a long-acting beta-agonist (LABA) or inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) may be needed in patients in Group D or those patients still experiencing dyspnea or exacerbations upon follow-up.[63765]

No dosage adjustments are needed.

No dosage adjustments are needed.

Aclidinium: (Moderate) Although aclidinium is minimally absorbed into the systemic circulation after inhalation, there is the potential for aclidinium to have additive anticholinergic effects when administered with other anticholinergics or antimuscarinics. Per the manufaturer, avoid concomitant administration of aclidinium with other anticholinergic medications, when possible.
Aclidinium; Formoterol: (Moderate) Although aclidinium is minimally absorbed into the systemic circulation after inhalation, there is the potential for aclidinium to have additive anticholinergic effects when administered with other anticholinergics or antimuscarinics. Per the manufaturer, avoid concomitant administration of aclidinium with other anticholinergic medications, when possible.
Anticholinergics: (Moderate) There is the potential for umeclidinium to have additive anticholinergic effects when administered with other anticholinergics or antimuscarinics. Per the manufaturer, avoid concomitant administration of umeclidinium with other anticholinergic medications when possible.
Daclatasvir: (Moderate) Systemic exposure of umeclidinium; vilanterol, a P-glycoprotein (P-gp) substrate, may be increased when administered concurrently with daclatasvir, a P-gp inhibitor. Taking these drugs together could increase or prolong the therapeutic effects of umeclidinium; vilanterol; monitor patients for potential adverse effects.
Darunavir: (Moderate) Caution is warranted when darunavir is administered with umeclidinium; vilanterol as there is a potential for elevated umeclidinium; vilanterol concentrations. Clinical monitoring for adverse effects is recommended during coadministration. Umeclidinium; vilanterol is a substrate of CYP3A4 and CYP2D6. Darunavir is an inhibitor of CYP3A4 and CYP2D6.
Darunavir; Cobicistat: (Moderate) Caution is warranted when darunavir is administered with umeclidinium; vilanterol as there is a potential for elevated umeclidinium; vilanterol concentrations. Clinical monitoring for adverse effects is recommended during coadministration. Umeclidinium; vilanterol is a substrate of CYP3A4 and CYP2D6. Darunavir is an inhibitor of CYP3A4 and CYP2D6.
Darunavir; Cobicistat; Emtricitabine; Tenofovir alafenamide: (Moderate) Caution is warranted when darunavir is administered with umeclidinium; vilanterol as there is a potential for elevated umeclidinium; vilanterol concentrations. Clinical monitoring for adverse effects is recommended during coadministration. Umeclidinium; vilanterol is a substrate of CYP3A4 and CYP2D6. Darunavir is an inhibitor of CYP3A4 and CYP2D6.
Fosamprenavir: (Moderate) Concomitant use of umeclidinium and fosamprenavir may result in decreased umeclidinium plasma concentrations. Umeclidinium is a substrate of the drug transporter P-glycoprotein (P-gp). Amprenavir, the active metabolite of fosamprenavir, is an inducer of P-gp.
Glecaprevir; Pibrentasvir: (Moderate) Caution is advised with the coadministration of glecaprevir and umeclidinium as coadministration may increase serum concentrations of umeclidinium and increase the risk of adverse effects. Umeclidinium is a substrate of P-glycoprotein (P-gp); glecaprevir is a P-gp inhibitor. (Moderate) Caution is advised with the coadministration of pibrentasvir and umeclidinium as coadministration may increase serum concentrations of umeclidinium and increase the risk of adverse effects. Umeclidinium is a substrate of P-glycoprotein (P-gp); pibrentasvir is a P-gp inhibitor.
Isavuconazonium: (Moderate) Concomitant use of isavuconazonium with umeclidinium; vilanterol may result in increased serum concentrations of umeclidinium; vilanterol. Umeclidinium; vilanterol is a substrate of the hepatic isoenzyme CYP3A4 and drug transporter P-glycoprotein (P-gp); isavuconazole, the active moiety of isavuconazonium, is an inhibitor of CYP3A4 and P-gp. Caution and close monitoring are advised if these drugs are used together.
Lumacaftor; Ivacaftor: (Minor) Lumacaftor; ivacaftor may alter the exposure of umeclidinium. Umeclidinium is a substrate for P-glycoprotein (P-gp); in vitro data suggest lumacaftor; ivacaftor may induce and/or inhibit P-gp. The net effect of lumacaftor; ivacaftor on P-gp transport and its effect on umeclidinium is not clear. Monitor the patient for therapeutic efficacy and increased or prolonged anticholinergic effects.
Methacholine: (Major) Discontinue use of umeclidinium 168 hours or more before a methacholine challenge test. Umeclidinium inhibits the airway response to methacholine.
Mirabegron: (Minor) Mirabegron is a moderate CYP2D6 inhibitor. Exposure of drugs metabolized by CYP2D6 such as umeclidinium may be increased when co-administered with mirabegron. Umeclidinium is primarily metabolized by CYP2D6. Therefore, appropriate monitoring and dose adjustment may be necessary. Monitor for dry mouth, constipation, blurred vision or urinary retention.
Osimertinib: (Moderate) Monitor for an increase in umeclidinium-related adverse reactions if coadministration with osimertinib is necessary. Umeclidinium is a P-glycoprotein (P-gp) substrate and osimertinib is a P-gp inhibitor. Coadministration with another P-gp inhibitor increased umeclidinium exposure by 1.4-fold.
Peginterferon Alfa-2b: (Moderate) Monitor for adverse effects associated with increased exposure to umeclidinium if peginterferon alfa-2b is coadministered. Peginterferon alfa-2b is a CYP2D6 inhibitor, while umeclidinium is a CYP2D6 substrate.
Rolapitant: (Major) Use caution if umeclidinium and rolapitant are used concurrently, and monitor for umeclidinium-related adverse effects. Umeclidinium is a CYP2D6 substrate and rolapitant is a moderate CYP2D6 inhibitor; the inhibitory effect of rolapitant lasts for at least 7 days, and may last longer after single dose administration. The Cmax and AUC of another CYP2D6 substrate, dextromethorphan, were increased by 120% and 160%, respectively, on day 1 with rolapitant, and by 180% and 230%, respectively, on day 8 after rolapitant administration.
Sofosbuvir; Velpatasvir; Voxilaprevir: (Moderate) Plasma concentrations of umeclidinium, a P-glycoprotein (P-gp) substrate, may be increased when administered concurrently with voxilaprevir, a P-gp inhibitor. Monitor patients for increased side effects if these drugs are administered concurrently.
Sorafenib: (Moderate) Monitor for an increase in umeclidinium-related adverse reactions if coadministration with sorafenib is necessary. Umeclidinium is a P-glycoprotein (P-gp) substrate and sorafenib is a P-gp inhibitor in vitro. Coadministration with another P-gp inhibitor increased umeclidinium exposure by 1.4-fold.
Temsirolimus: (Minor) Monitor for an increase in umeclidinium-related adverse reactions if coadministration with temsirolimus is necessary. Umeclidinium is a P-glycoprotein (P-gp) substrate and temsirolimus is a P-gp inhibitor. Concomitant use is likely to lead to increased concentrations of umeclidinium.
Trandolapril; Verapamil: (Moderate) Umeclidinium is a P-gp substrate. When verapamil, a moderate P-gp transporter inhibitor, was given to healthy adult subjects at a dose of 240 mg once daily in combination with umeclidinium, no effect on umeclidinium Cmax was observed. However, an approximately 1.4-fold increase in umeclidinium AUC was observed.
Verapamil: (Moderate) Umeclidinium is a P-gp substrate. When verapamil, a moderate P-gp transporter inhibitor, was given to healthy adult subjects at a dose of 240 mg once daily in combination with umeclidinium, no effect on umeclidinium Cmax was observed. However, an approximately 1.4-fold increase in umeclidinium AUC was observed.

INCRUSE ELLIPTA Respiratory (Inhalation) Inhalant: 1actuation, 62.5mcg

62.5 mcg/day via oral inhalation.

62.5 mcg/day via oral inhalation.

Safety and efficacy have not been established.

Safety and efficacy have not been established.

Safety and efficacy have not been established.

Safety and efficacy have not been established.

Umeclidinium is a respiratory antimuscarinic or long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA), which is often referred to as an anticholinergic. Umeclidinium has similar affinity to the subtypes of muscarinic receptors M1 thru M5. Bronchodilation occurs through inhibition of the M3 receptor in the smooth muscle of the airways. The competitive and reversible nature of antagonism was exhibited with human and animal origin receptors and isolated organ preparations. Prevention of acetylcholine-induced bronchoconstriction was shown to be dose-dependent in preclinical in vitro and in vivo studies. The effect lasted longer than 24 hours. The clinical relevance of these findings is unknown. After inhalation, bronchodilation is predominantly a site-specific effect.

Umeclidinium is administered by oral inhalation. Linear pharmacokinetics are observed for umeclidinium (62.5 to 500 mcg). Following IV administration to healthy subjects, the mean volume of distribution was 86 liters. In vitro plasma protein binding in human plasma was on average 89%. In vitro data showed that umeclidinium is primarily metabolized by CYP2D6 and is a P-gp substrate. Umeclidinium is metabolized via oxidative metabolism (hydroxylation, O-dealkylation) followed by conjugation (e.g., glucuronidation); metabolites have either low or no pharmacological activity. Systemic exposure to the metabolites is low. Following IV dosing with radio-labeled umeclidinium, mass balance showed 58% of the radio-label in the feces and 22% in the urine. Bile elimination was also evident. Following oral dosing to healthy male subjects, 92% of the total dose was recovered in feces, and in urine recovery was less than 1% of the total dose, suggesting negligible oral absorption. The effective half-life after once-daily inhalation dosing is 11 hours.
 
Affected cytochrome P450 (CYP450) isoenzymes and drug transporters: CYP2D6, P-glycoprotein (P-gp)
In vitro data showed that umeclidinium is primarily metabolized by CYP2D6 and is a substrate for the P-glycoprotein (P-gp) transporter. However, no clinically meaningful difference in systemic exposure (AUC) to umeclidinium (500 mcg) (8 times the approved dose) was observed following repeat daily inhaled dosing in CYP2D6 normal (ultrarapid, extensive, and intermediate metabolizers) and poor metabolizer subjects. In a clinical study with a strong P-gp inhibitor, an approximately 1.4-fold increase in umeclidinium AUC was observed but no increase in Cmax occurred.

Plasma levels of umeclidinium after oral inhalation are not predictive of therapeutic effect. Following inhaled administration of umeclidinium in healthy subjects, Cmax occurred at 5 to 15 minutes. Umeclidinium is mostly absorbed from the lung after inhaled doses with minimum contribution from oral absorption. Following repeat dosing of inhaled umeclidinium steady state was achieved within 14 days with up to 1.8-fold accumulation.

Adequate and well-controlled studies regarding the use of umeclidinium inhalation during pregnancy have not been perfromed. When umeclidinium was administered to rats and rabbits at approximately 50 and 200 times, respectively, the MRHDID (maximum recommended human daily inhaled dose), teratogenic effects were not evident. Umeclidinium should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Women who become pregnant while stabilized on umeclidinium therapy should contact a qualified health care professional.

The manufacturer recommends caution when administering umeclidinium inhalation to women who are breast-feeding. It is unknown whether umeclidinium is excreted in human breast milk. However, subcutaneous administration of umeclidinium to lactating rats at approximately 25 times the MRHDID in adults resulted in a quantifiable level of umeclidinium in 2 pups, which may indicate transfer of umeclidinium in milk. A decision should be made whether to discontinue nursing or to discontinue treatment with umeclidinium. Consider the benefits of breast-feeding, the risk of potential infant drug exposure, and the risk of an untreated or inadequately treated condition. If a breast-feeding infant experiences an adverse effect related to a maternally ingested drug, healthcare providers are encouraged to report the adverse effect to the FDA.