PARSABIV

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PARSABIV

Classes

Calcimimetics

Administration
Injectable Administration

Visually inspect parenteral products for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration whenever solution and container permit.
The solution is clear and colorless.

Intravenous Administration

Ensure corrected serum calcium is at or above the lower limit of normal prior to initiation, dose increase, or reinitiation of therapy after dose interruption.
Do not dilute prior to administration.
Etelcalcetide is removed by the dialyzer membrane and must be administered after blood is no longer circulating through the dialyzer.
Administer by IV bolus into the venous line of the dialysis circuit at the end of the hemodialysis session during rinse back or IV after rinse back. Administer a sufficient volume of saline (e.g., 150 mL of rinse back) after etelcalcetide injection into the dialysis tubing. If etelcalcetide is administered after rinse back, administer etelcalcetide IV followed by at least 10 mL of saline flush.
If a regularly scheduled hemodialysis session is missed, do not administer the missed dose. Resume etelcalcetide therapy at the end of the next hemodialysis session at the prescribed dose. If doses are missed for more than 2 weeks, reinitiate etelcalcetide at the recommended starting dose of 5 mg (or 2.5 mg if that was the patient's last dose).[61744]

Adverse Reactions
Severe

seizures / Delayed / Incidence not known
GI bleeding / Delayed / Incidence not known
heart failure / Delayed / Incidence not known

Moderate

antibody formation / Delayed / 7.1-7.1
hypocalcemia / Delayed / 7.0-7.0
QT prolongation / Rapid / 4.8-4.8
edema / Delayed / 4.4-4.4
hypophosphatemia / Delayed / 1.0-1.0
osteodystrophy / Delayed / Incidence not known

Mild

muscle cramps / Delayed / 12.0-12.0
diarrhea / Early / 11.0-11.0
nausea / Early / 11.0-11.0
vomiting / Early / 9.0-9.0
headache / Early / 8.0-8.0
paresthesias / Delayed / 6.0-6.0
hypoesthesia / Delayed / 6.0-6.0
rash / Early / 4.4-4.4
pruritus / Rapid / 4.4-4.4
urticaria / Rapid / 4.4-4.4
myalgia / Early / 2.0-2.0

Common Brand Names

PARSABIV

Dea Class

Rx

Description

Intravenous calcimimetic and calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) agonist
Used for secondary hyperparathyroidism in adults with chronic kidney disease on hemodialysis
Can cause severe hypocalcemia; monitor corrected serum calcium regularly

Dosage And Indications
For the treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism in patients with chronic kidney disease on hemodialysis. For patients switching from cinacalcet to etelcalcetide. Intravenous dosage Adults

5 mg IV 3 times weekly at the end of hemodialysis treatment after discontinuing cinacalcet for at least 7 days prior to initiating etelcalcetide. Ensure corrected serum calcium is at or above the lower limit of normal prior to etelcalcetide initiation, dose increase, or reinitiating after interruption of therapy. The maintenance dose is determined by titration based on parathyroid hormone (PTH) and corrected serum calcium response. The maintenance dose is the dose that maintains PTH concentrations within the recommended target range and corrected serum calcium within the normal range. The lowest maintenance dose is 2.5 mg IV 3 times weekly; the maximum dose is 15 mg IV 3 times weekly.[61744]

Intravenous dosage Adults

5 mg IV 3 times weekly at the end of hemodialysis treatment. Ensure corrected serum calcium is at or above the lower limit of normal prior to etelcalcetide initiation, dose increase, or reinitiating after interruption of therapy. The maintenance dose is determined by titration based on parathyroid hormone (PTH) and corrected serum calcium response. The maintenance dose is the dose that maintains PTH concentrations within the recommended target range and corrected serum calcium within the normal range. The lowest maintenance dose is 2.5 mg IV 3 times weekly; the maximum dose is 15 mg IV 3 times weekly. In clinical trials, the average etelcalcetide dose was 7.2 mg IV 3 times weekly. Compared to placebo, significantly more patients treated with etelcalcetide achieved a more than 30% reduction in PTH concentrations from baseline to efficacy assessment (weeks 20 through 27). Statistically significant reductions in mean PTH, corrected serum calcium, and serum phosphate concentrations from baseline to the end of the study were seen with etelcalcetide compared to placebo.

Dosing Considerations
Hepatic Impairment

Specific guidelines for dosage adjustments in hepatic impairment are not available; it appears that no dosage adjustments are needed.

Renal Impairment

Specific guidelines for dosage adjustments in renal impairment are not available; it appears that no dosage adjustments are needed.

Drug Interactions

Cinacalcet: (Major) Avoid the concomitant use of etelcalcetide and cinacalcet. Discontinue cinacalcet at least 7 days prior to starting etelcalcetide, and initiate etelcalcetide treatment at 5 mg IV 3 times weekly. Ensure corrected serum calcium is at or above lower limit of normal prior to etelcalcetide initiation. Concurrent use of etelcalcetide with another oral calcium-sensing receptor agonist may result in severe, life-threatening, hypocalcemia.
Denosumab: (Moderate) Monitor serum calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium concentrations within 14 days of denosumab injection during concurrent treatment with calcimimetics such as etelcalcetide. The risk for hypocalcemia and other disturbances of mineral metabolism may increase during coadministration. Monitor serum calcium concentrations closely in patients with severe renal impairment (CrCl less than 30 mL/minute) or renal failure (and/or on dialysis) receiving calcimimetics. An increased risk of hypocalcemia was seen in clinical trials involving patients with renal dysfunction. Instruct patients to seek medical care if symptoms of hypocalcemia develop.

How Supplied

Etelcalcetide/PARSABIV Intravenous Inj Sol: 1mL, 5mg

Maximum Dosage
Adults

15 mg IV 3 times weekly.

Geriatric

15 mg IV 3 times weekly.

Adolescents

Safety and efficacy have not been established.

Children

Safety and efficacy have not been established.

Infants

Safety and efficacy have not been established.

Neonates

Safety and efficacy have not been established.

Mechanism Of Action

Etelcalcetide is a calcimimetic agent that binds to the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) and enhances activation of the receptor by extracellular calcium. Activation of the CaSR on parathyroid chief cells decreases parathyroid hormone (PTH) secretion. The reduction in PTH is associated with a concomitant decrease in serum calcium concentrations and attenuation of post-dialytic phosphate elevation.

Pharmacokinetics

Etelcalcetide is administered intravenously. Etelcalcetide is predominately bound to plasma albumin by reversible covalent bonding. Etelcalcetide is not metabolized by CYP450 isoenzymes. It is biotransformed in the blood by reversible disulfide exchange with endogenous thiols to predominately form conjugates with serum albumin. The plasma exposure of biotransformation products is approximately 5-fold higher than that of etelcalcetide, and their concentration-time course parallels that of etelcalcetide. In patients undergoing hemodialysis, etelcalcetide is eliminated during hemodialysis. For those with normal renal function, etelcalcetide is excreted by the kidneys. After a single radiolabeled dose of etelcalcetide in chronic kidney disease patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism requiring hemodialysis, approximately 60% of the drug was recovered in the dialysate and 7% recovered in urine and feces combined over 175 days of collection period.
 
Affected cytochrome P450 isoenzymes and drug transporters: none

Intravenous Route

Etelcalcetide follows linear pharmacokinetics and does not change over time after single and multiple intravenous doses in chronic kidney disease patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism requiring hemodialysis. After a single intravenous dose of etelcalcetide, PTH concentrations decreased within 30 minutes. The extent and duration PTH reduction increased with increasing dose. Reduction in PTH concentrations correlated with plasma etelcalcetide concentrations in hemodialysis patients. Steady state plasma concentrations are reached in 7 to 8 weeks when administered intravenously 3 times a week at the end of each 3- to 6-hour hemodialysis session. The effective half-life of etelcalcetide is 3 to 4 days. The effect of reducing PTH concentrations was maintained throughout the 6-month dosing period when etelcalcetide was administered by IV bolus 3 times a week.

Pregnancy And Lactation
Pregnancy

No data are available regarding the use of etelcalcetide in human pregnancy. In animal studies, hypocalcemia was observed at doses associated with maternal toxicity. When rats were administered etelcalcetide during organogenesis through delivery and weaning, there was a slight increase in perinatal pup mortality, delay in parturition, and transient effects on pup growth at exposures 1.8 times the human exposure of 15 mg 3 times weekly. Reduced fetal growth associated with maternal toxicities of hypocalcemia, tremors, and reductions in body weight and food consumption was observed in rats and rabbits at 2.7 and 7 times clinical exposures, respectively.

There are no data regarding the presence of etelcalcetide in human milk, the effects on the breast-fed infant, or on milk production. Etelcalcetide is present in the milk of rats at concentrations similar to those found in plasma. Due to the potential for adverse effects including hypocalcemia in breast-fed infants, avoid breast-feeding during etelcalcetide therapy.